1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

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January 2, 2026: Happy New Year, agents! We checked for new Valorant codes. What are the new Valorant codes? Everyone likes it when they get free stuff, and it's even better when it's for hugely ...

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If you're looking for DTI codes, IGN's got you covered! In this article, you'll find a list of all the active and working Dress to Impress codes in December 2025 that you can redeem for free rewards ...

Tom Bowen is a senior editor who loves adventure games and RPGs. He's been playing video games for several decades now and writing about them professionally since 2020. Although he dabbles in news and ...