Measuring how materials respond to different deformation speeds is imperfect, leaving gaps and uncertainties across strain rates. A single, self-consistent method to measure hardness across 11 orders ...

An avalanche photodiode (APD) delivers a useful electron-multiplier gain and generally improves signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in optical communication systems. An APD is similar to a PIN photodiode with ...

Flow cytometry has become a key analytical technique in clinical trials. Through its multiparametric analysis, single-cell resolution, and high-throughput evaluation capabilities, flow cytometry can ...